This document defines a method for relaying media via proxies on the Jabber/XMPP network.
NOTICE: This Historical specification provides canonical documentation of a protocol that is in use within the Jabber/XMPP community. This document is not a standards-track specification within the XMPP Standards Foundation's standards process; however, it may be converted to standards-track in the future or may be obsoleted by a more modern protocol.
Series: XEP
Number: 0003
Publisher: XMPP Standards Foundation
Status:
Active
Type:
Historical
Version: 1.2
Last Updated: 2004-01-22
Approving Body: XMPP Council
Dependencies: XMPP Core
Supersedes: None
Superseded By: None
Short Name: pass
Schema: <http://www.xmpp.org/schemas/pass.xsd>
Wiki Page: <http://wiki.jabber.org/index.php/Proxy Accept Socket Service (PASS) (XEP-0003)>
Email:
jer@jabber.org
JID:
jer@jabber.org
Email:
reatmon@jabber.org
JID:
reatmon@jabber.org
This XMPP Extension Protocol is copyright 1999 - 2007 by the XMPP Standards Foundation (XSF) and is in full conformance with the XSF's Intellectual Property Rights Policy <http://www.xmpp.org/extensions/ipr-policy.shtml>. This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Creative Commons Attribution License (<http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/>).
The preferred venue for discussion of this document is the Standards discussion list: <http://mail.jabber.org/mailman/listinfo/standards>.
The Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is defined in the XMPP Core (RFC 3920) and XMPP IM (RFC 3921) specifications contributed by the XMPP Standards Foundation to the Internet Standards Process, which is managed by the Internet Engineering Task Force in accordance with RFC 2026. Any protocol defined in this document has been developed outside the Internet Standards Process and is to be understood as an extension to XMPP rather than as an evolution, development, or modification of XMPP itself.
The following keywords as used in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119: "MUST", "SHALL", "REQUIRED"; "MUST NOT", "SHALL NOT"; "SHOULD", "RECOMMENDED"; "SHOULD NOT", "NOT RECOMMENDED"; "MAY", "OPTIONAL".
Complete direct client-to-client file transfers presents a major problem for clients that are behind a firewall or NAT. Proxy Accept Socket Service (PASS) enables clients to do real-time file transfers via a third party; in addition, it does not limit clients to file transfers but enables any two clients to create a raw TCP socket between them for any purpose, such as VoIP (SIP/RTP), BEEP, or binary game data.
The first step is to communicate with a PASS service to set it up.
Example 1. Registration request
<iq id='pass1' type='set' to='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'>
<expire>600</expire>
</query>
</iq>
Example 2. Result from PASS Service
<iq id='pass1' type='result' from='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'>
<server port='43253'>1.2.3.4</server>
</query>
</iq>
At this point, the PASS service is now listening on the given IP and port for incoming connections on behalf of the Jabber Entity. The provided IP and port can now be sent to any other entity as a connection point, for file transfers or any other use.
The default behavior for the PASS service is to listen on the port forever, unless the requesting client specifies an <expire/> value (in seconds). If the service is not configured with an expire value, it will not timeout the connection, and will start listening on the port again after one of the two sides disconnects.
Table 1: Error Codes
| Code | Message | Cause |
|---|---|---|
| 502 | No more ports available. Try again later. | The PASS service is listening on all of its available ports. |
When an incoming connection is attempted to that IP and port, the PASS service MUST send an IQ request to the entity on whose behalf it is listening:
Example 3. Request to entity
<iq type='set'
id='pass2'
to='user@jabber.org/resource'
from='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'>
<client port='1234'>4.3.2.1</client>
<proxy port='43523'>1.2.3.4</proxy>
</query>
</iq>
Example 4. IQ result to accept connection
<iq type='result'
id='pass2'
from='user@jabber.org/resource'
to='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'/>
</iq>
The entity SHOULD now immediately connect to the given proxy IP and port, and upon connection all data written to that socket will be copied to the client connection, and vice-versa. Any disconnect on either side MUST cause a disconnect on the other (initiated by the service). If the IQ set to the entity fails or returns an error, the client socket MUST be dropped as well. The client XML element provides the information about the remote end of the incoming socket.
Abuse in bandwidth or resources could become an issue, so PASS implementations SHOULD include strict and detailed rate and usage limits, allowing only limited usage by single entities and rate-limiting bandwidth used if necessary for both single connections or overall usage. These limits are implementation-specific.
A Jabber client can send various controls to the PASS service via the set to control how the PASS service behaves, how the server handles a listening port.
This tells the server to shut down the port after a specified number of seconds. After the timeout period, the PASS service MUST send an <iq/> to the JID to tell it that the port has been closed down. It notifies the client with:
Example 5. Notification of expiration
<iq type='set'
id='pass3'
to='user@jabber.org/resource'
from='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'>
<expire/>
<close/>
<proxy port='43253'>1.2.3.4</proxy>
</query>
</iq>
Example 6. Acknowledgement of expiration
<iq type='result'
id='pass3'
from='user@jabber.org/resource'
to='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'/>
</iq>
This tells the server to listen once, and then close the port. Even if the <expire/> has not been met, the <oneshot/> overrides that and shuts down the listening port. When this happens the server notifies the client with the following packet:
Example 7. Server notifies client of oneshot port closing
<iq type='set'
id='pass4'
to='user@jabber.org/resource'
from='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'>
<oneshot/>
<close/>
<proxy port='43253'>1.2.3.4</proxy>
</query>
</iq>
Example 8. Client acknowledges closing of oneshot port
<iq type='result'
id='pass4'
from='user@jabber.org/resource'
to='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'/>
</iq>
This tells the server to explicitly shut down a listening port. Useful for when the client shuts down and can tell the PASS service to recycle the port. The server sends back:
Example 9. Client request to shut down port
<iq type='set'
id='pass5'
to='pass.jabber.org'
from='user@jabber.org/resource'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'>
<close/>
<proxy port='43253'>1.2.3.4</proxy>
</query>
</iq>
Example 10. Server acknowledges port closing request
<iq type='result'
id='pass5'
to='user@jabber.org/resource'
from='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'/>
</iq>
Table 2: Error Codes
| Code | Message | Cause |
|---|---|---|
| 400 | Missing <proxy/> specification. | Sent a <close/> w/o a <proxy/> |
| 401 | Port not registered to your JID. | You did not register this port with the server. |
| 404 | Port not found in registry. | The <proxy port=''/> was not a defined port. |
| 405 | Proxy IP does not match. | The IP sent in the <proxy/> does not match the IP of the pass-service |
The PASS protocol can be used for clients to talk to each other and find out information about each other. When a client wants to send a file to another client, it can use the jabber:iq:pass namespace to query the IP address of the other client. For example:
You send the other client:
Example 11.
<iq type='get'
id='pass6'
to='them@jabber.org/resource'
from='you@jabber.org/resource'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'/>
</iq>
The other client SHOULD send back:
Example 12.
<iq type='result'
id='pass6'
to='you@jabber.org/resource'
from='them@jabber.org/resource'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'>
<client>4.3.2.1</client>
<query>
</iq>
Obviously the port is not going to be known, but the IP address will let you authenticate the JID via the PASS service since the PASS service tells you the <client/> information upon a connection.
When a server gets an Incoming Connection notification the client has the right to deny that connection based on the <client/> information that it receives. It can return an error to the PASS service specifying the <proxy/> port and hangup on the active <client/> connection and start listening again. This does not affect the <oneshot/> control. For example:
The PASS service sends you:
Example 13.
<iq type='set'
id='pass7'
to='user@jabber.org/resource'
from='pass.jabber.org'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'>
<client port='1234'>4.3.2.1</client>
<proxy port='43523'>1.2.3.4</proxy>
<query>
</iq>
Your client would send back:
Example 14.
<iq type='error'
id='pass7'
to='pass.jabber.org'
from='user@jabber.org/resource'>
<query xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'>
<client port='1234'>4.3.2.1</client>
<proxy port='43523'>1.2.3.4</proxy>
<query>
<error code='401' type='auth'>
<not-authorized xmlns='urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-stanzas'/>
</error>
</iq>
Table 3: Error Codes
| Code | Message | Cause |
|---|---|---|
| 401 | Unauthorized | The incoming <client/> does not match the <client/> from the client you want to exchange data with. |
This document requires no interaction with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) [1].
No action on the part of the XMPP Registrar [2] is necessary as a result of this document, since 'jabber:iq:pass' is already a registered protocol namespace.
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<xs:schema
xmlns:xs='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'
targetNamespace='jabber:iq:pass'
xmlns='jabber:iq:pass'
elementFormDefault='qualified'>
<xs:annotation>
<xs:documentation>
The protocol documented by this schema is defined in
XEP-0003: http://www.xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0003.html
</xs:documentation>
</xs:annotation>
<xs:element name='query'>
<xs:complexType>
<xs:choice minOccurs='0' maxOccurs='unbounded'>
<xs:element name='client' type='PassEntity'/>
<xs:element name='close' type='empty'/>
<xs:element name='expire' type='xs:unsignedLong'/>
<xs:element name='oneshot' type='empty'/>
<xs:element name='proxy' type='PassEntity'/>
<xs:element name='server' type='PassEntity'/>
</xs:choice>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:complexType name='PassEntity'>
<xs:simpleContent>
<xs:extension base='xs:NMTOKEN'>
<xs:attribute name='port' type='xs:short' use='optional'/>
</xs:extension>
</xs:simpleContent>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:simpleType name='empty'>
<xs:restriction base='xs:string'>
<xs:enumeration value=''/>
</xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType>
</xs:schema>
1. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is the central coordinator for the assignment of unique parameter values for Internet protocols, such as port numbers and URI schemes. For further information, see <http://www.iana.org/>.
2. The XMPP Registrar maintains a list of reserved protocol namespaces as well as registries of parameters used in the context of XMPP extension protocols approved by the XMPP Standards Foundation. For further information, see <http://www.xmpp.org/registrar/>.
END